{"id":1216,"date":"2018-01-10T16:40:24","date_gmt":"2018-01-10T16:40:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/?p=1216"},"modified":"2020-02-06T15:07:29","modified_gmt":"2020-02-06T15:07:29","slug":"internet-cut-off-during-recent-unrest-in-iran-reveals-tehrans-new-cyber-capabilities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/?p=1216","title":{"rendered":"Internet Cut-Off During Recent Unrest in Iran Reveals Tehran\u2019s New Cyber Capabilities"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">January 10, 2018\u2014The recent unrest in Iran\u2014during which the authorities disrupted Iranians\u2019 access to the internet and blocked major social media networks used by the protesters\u2014demonstrates that the Iranian government\u2019s decade-long effort to control the internet in Iran is being realized.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><!--more-->In a major new report released today,\u00a0<strong><em>Guards at the Gate: The Expanding State Control Over the Internet in Iran<\/em><\/strong>, the Center for Human Rights in Iran (CHRI) details the advances the Iranian government has made in controlling cyberspace in Iran, and the resulting losses to internet freedom and privacy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Download\u00a0<strong><em>Guards at the Gate<\/em>,\u00a0<\/strong><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/photo\/pdf\/\/EN-Guards-at-the-gate-High-quality.pdf\">here.<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The 76-page report provides a comprehensive review of Iran\u2019s internet policies and initiatives, in particular, the development and new capabilities of Iran\u2019s state-controlled National Internet Network (NIN), which gives the government newly expanded abilities to control Iranians\u2019 access to the internet and monitor online communications.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cThe Iranian government has now shown the world that it can\u2014and will\u2014cut its citizens off from the global internet, in total disregard for the rights of the Iranian people,\u201d said Hadi Ghaemi, executive director of CHRI.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Key findings of\u00a0<strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/photo\/pdf\/\/EN-Guards-at-the-gate-High-quality.pdf\">Guards at the Gate:<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The NIN enables the authorities to separate domestic internet traffic from international internet traffic, allowing the state to cut Iranians off from the global internet while maintaining access to state-approved domestic sites and services on the NIN. The government demonstrated this capability for the first time in December 2017 as unrest broke out around the country: The authorities disrupted internet access through slowdowns and the blocking of circumvention tools on December 29\u2014and briefly cut-off internet access on December 30 while domestic NIN traffic continued unhindered\u2014in addition to blocking the Instagram social media site and the Telegram messaging app used by the protesters.<\/li>\n<li>Without any judicial oversight, Iran\u2019s NIN can be used by state security agencies to identify users and hack into private accounts. The stakes are especially high when it comes to internet security: many Iranians serve long prison sentences for online communications disapproved of by the state. State-sponsored DDoS attacks, phishing, malware, and message interception have all increased during Rouhani\u2019s tenure.<\/li>\n<li>The NIN also allows the state to more effectively filter and manipulate online content. Iran\u2019s national search engines now automatically block keywords and phrases and send users to sites that deliver state-approved and sometimes fabricated content.<\/li>\n<li>The state steers Iranians towards the NIN and its services\u2014such as national search engines, email and video services\u2014by making it cheaper and faster to use than the global internet, violating net neutrality principles.<\/li>\n<li>President Rouhani, while publicly stating support for internet freedom, has increased internet filtering, accelerated development of the NIN, and during his tenure millions of websites continue to be blocked and major social media platforms remain banned\u2014even as his administration has expanded internet use in Iran by making it faster and cheaper, and on occasion has reversed the blocking of some messaging apps.<\/li>\n<li>Iran\u2019s Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei has consolidated control over Iran\u2019s internet policies and development of the country\u2019s telecommunications infrastructure under hardline organizations and security agencies that are under his authority and which view internet freedom as a threat, in a significant institutional shift that will profoundly harm internet access and privacy in Iran.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u200b\u201cIran is grouping itself among the autocracies of the world by violating its people\u2019s rights to internet freedom and privacy,\u201d said Ghaemi. \u201cGovernments worldwide should express their deep concern over these violations directly to their Iranian counterparts.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Inside\u00a0<strong><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/photo\/pdf\/\/EN-Guards-at-the-gate-High-quality.pdf\">Guards at the Gate<\/a>:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Comprehensive review of internet policies and technological developments in Iran over the last five years, with emphasis on the new internet blocking and surveillance capabilities of Iran\u2019s NIN.<\/li>\n<li>Analysis of the increasingly sophisticated nature of internet censorship in Iran, including the intensified filtering of encryption tools and the use of fabricated online content.<\/li>\n<li>Discussion of the tools and methods of state-sponsored cyberattacks in Iran.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Guards at the Gate: The Expanding State Control Over the Internet in Iran<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0builds on years of extensive research and reporting by CHRI on internet freedom and security issues in Iran and the growing technological capabilities of the state. The report provides a comprehensive understanding of the significant advancements the Iranian government has made over the last five years, and the implications these new capabilities have for Iranians\u2019 access to the internet and their ability to communicate privately and safely online.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Download\u00a0<strong><em>Guards at the Gate<\/em>,\u00a0<\/strong><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/photo\/pdf\/\/EN-Guards-at-the-gate-High-quality.pdf\">here.<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>January 10, 2018\u2014The recent unrest in Iran\u2014during which the authorities disrupted Iranians\u2019 access to the internet and blocked major social media networks used by the protesters\u2014demonstrates that the Iranian government\u2019s<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[380],"class_list":["post-1216","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-human-rights","tag-guards-at-the-gate"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1216","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1216"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1216\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1552,"href":"https:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1216\/revisions\/1552"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1216"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1216"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iransos.com\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1216"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}